Використання фітокомпозиції у відновленні функціонального стану осіб середнього віку, хворих на ішемічну хворобу серця, з метою підвищення толерантності до фізичного навантаження

Actuality. Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, as it impairs blood supply due to coronary occlusion, increasing the risk of cardiac complications. Stress factors related to the war in Ukraine and the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbate the situation, accelerating the development of cardiovascular disease. Given the risk of recurrence after traditional treatment, there is a need to explore alternative methods, such as using phytocompositions, for improving patient outcomes.
The aim of the study is to determine the impact of Astragalus (Astragalus dasyanthus) and motherwort (L. quinquelobatus Gilib.) phytocomposition on cardiovascular response type and exercise tolerance in middle-aged individuals with coronary heart disease, based on bicycle ergometry (BEM) data.
Materials and methods. This study involved 34 men diagnosed with CHD and exertional angina of functional classes II–III. The patients were divided into a main group (24 people) and a control group. The main group received traditional therapy supplemented with a phytocomposition of Astragalus and motherwort. Efficacy was evaluated using a cycle ergometer (bicycle stress test) and cardiovascular indicators, particularly blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and the double product (DP) as a measure of cardiac load.
Results and discussion. The use of the phytocomposition in the main group contributed to reduced diastolic blood pressure at rest and decreased cardiac load during physical activity. Patients in the main group demonstrated better tolerance to physical exercise, evidenced by improvements in both systolic and diastolic BP during the bicycle stress test at various stages. Additionally, the stable DP value indicates decreased myocardial oxygen demand during exertion, which may reduce the risk of ischemic events. Cardiovascular indicators in the recovery phase also remained stable in the main group, pointing to the effectiveness of the treatment and improvement in cardiovascular functional capacity.
Conclusions. Adding a phytocomposition to traditional CHD treatment enhances cardiovascular adaptation to physical exercise, reduces cardiac load, and improves exercise tolerance, thus decreasing the risk of complications and promoting more effective recovery after exertion.
Key words: coronary heart disease, phytocomposition, bicycle ergometry, cardiovascular system condition, exercise tolerance,
physical therapy, rehabilitation.