TY - JOUR
T1 - A Large-Scale Node Lightweight Consensus Algorithm of Blockchain for Internet of Things
AU - Zhuang, Yubo
AU - Chen, Yourong
AU - Zhang, Xudong
AU - Ren, Tiaojuan
AU - Han, Meng
AU - Alam, Muhammad
AU - Hong, Zhen
PY - 2024/8/14
Y1 - 2024/8/14
N2 - In order to solve the problems in the blockchain consensus algorithm such as slow consensus speed, high resource consumption, and low consensus security due to excessive large-scale node data volume and Byzantine attacks in the Internet of Things system, we propose a large-scale node lightweight consensus algorithm of blockchain for Internet of Things (LNLCA). Firstly, a transaction set construction mechanism is proposed to improve consensus efficiency and security. The mechanism packages multiple data monitored by Internet of Things (IoT) nodes into data transactions, and builds the transaction set. Then it constructs non-conflict subsets and conflict subsets. Secondly, an adjacent parent node sampling and response mechanism is proposed to reduce the consumption of communication resources. The new transaction set selects nearby parent nodes based on the time distance summation method and collaborates to batch verify each transaction in the transaction set. Finally, an efficient consistent consensus based on transaction set Direct Acyclic Graph (DAG) is proposed to quickly vote for each transaction in the transaction set, thereby constructing the transaction set DAG for batch uploading to the chain, and achieving a secure and lightweight consensus on IoT data. The experimental results show that no matter how the number of Byzantine nodes changes, LNLCA can improve transaction throughput, and reduce transaction delay and communication overhead, which outperforms the CDBFT, Avalanche, and Hashgraph.
AB - In order to solve the problems in the blockchain consensus algorithm such as slow consensus speed, high resource consumption, and low consensus security due to excessive large-scale node data volume and Byzantine attacks in the Internet of Things system, we propose a large-scale node lightweight consensus algorithm of blockchain for Internet of Things (LNLCA). Firstly, a transaction set construction mechanism is proposed to improve consensus efficiency and security. The mechanism packages multiple data monitored by Internet of Things (IoT) nodes into data transactions, and builds the transaction set. Then it constructs non-conflict subsets and conflict subsets. Secondly, an adjacent parent node sampling and response mechanism is proposed to reduce the consumption of communication resources. The new transaction set selects nearby parent nodes based on the time distance summation method and collaborates to batch verify each transaction in the transaction set. Finally, an efficient consistent consensus based on transaction set Direct Acyclic Graph (DAG) is proposed to quickly vote for each transaction in the transaction set, thereby constructing the transaction set DAG for batch uploading to the chain, and achieving a secure and lightweight consensus on IoT data. The experimental results show that no matter how the number of Byzantine nodes changes, LNLCA can improve transaction throughput, and reduce transaction delay and communication overhead, which outperforms the CDBFT, Avalanche, and Hashgraph.
KW - Blockchain
KW - DAG
KW - Internet of Things
KW - large-scale nodes
KW - lightweight consensus
UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10636342
U2 - 10.1109/jiot.2024.3439866
DO - 10.1109/jiot.2024.3439866
M3 - Article
SN - 2327-4662
JO - IEEE Internet of Things Journal
JF - IEEE Internet of Things Journal
ER -