A new design for cubic spatially processed wideband arrays

This paper presents a simple and novel formulation for the design and analysis of a generic cubic array with a single real coefficient for each antenna element, to steer the developed beam toward a certain desired angle in both azimuth (totally $360^{\circ}$) and elevation (totally $180^{\circ}$) directions. This configuration demonstrates frequency invariance of the directional patterns of the array within a relatively large fractional bandwidth which makes this array a potential candidate for wideband and ultra wideband applications. The required real coefficients are calculated based on matrix manipulation methods. However, the dimension of the matrices and vectors used in the computations are much less than the total number of antenna elements. Computer simulation shows the performance of the array with respect to the resolution of the main beam and frequency independence of the patterns and also in terms of the complexity and frequency range. Moreover, we will present a comparison between the proposed algorithm and the Fourier transform based methods and adaptive least mean square algorithm.