An Investigation of Urban Process and Mass Housing Estates Development Through Topographical Formations in Urban Peripheries: A Case Study of Famagusta, Cyprus

The problems stemming from inadequate urban planning and policy have transformed the development structure of mass housing estates in Famagusta, Cyprus. Neighbourhoods were designed featuring modernist residential tower blocks and suburban row houses with insufficient green areas and no consideration of either the climatic features of the built site or of urban planning, regulations or law. This study presents the impact of construction on domestic energy use and the integration of urban planning in the residential sector. It investigates whether the natural landscape and topographical formations of the coastline region have played decisive roles in the construction of mass housing estate developments and uses of the rural periphery of this city. The study develops a base case of urban transformation models representing the morphological characteristics of buildings from three distinct construction eras (the 1970, 1990 and 2010s). The information collected is enriched and verified by site surveys. Through three case studies, the types of buildings in each era are analysed and evaluated in relation to a number of environmental factors, including analyses of the different context layers, to ascertain the existing strength of the urban block development configurations as well as to evaluate their shortcomings under the threat of urban sprawl. The findings not only provide ground research for developing urban retrofit scenarios, but also employ sustainable planning tools based on those urban processes.