Survey for smart farming technologies: Challenges and issues

Internet of Things (IoT) has been a major influence in Agriculture since its ap- plication to the sector. This paper provides an extensive review of the use of smart technologies in agriculture and elaborates the state-of-the-art technologies for smart agriculture including, Internet of Things, cloud computing, machine learning, and ar- tificial intelligence. The application of smart farming to crop and animal production and post-harvesting is discussed. The impact of climatic changes on agriculture is also considered. This paper contributes to knowledge by iterating the challenges of smart technology to agriculture while highlighting the issues identified from existing framework of smart agriculture. The authors identify many gaps in existing research affecting the application of IoT in smart farming, and suggest further research to im- prove the current food production globally, to provide better food management and sustainability measures across the globe.